Methotrexate Toxicity
Overview of Methotrexate Toxicity
Methotrexate is a chemotherapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of various illnesses such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and psoriasis. Methotrexate toxicity occurs when there is an overdose of the medication.
Signs and Symptoms of Methotrexate Toxicity
Alopecia, Photosensitivity, Rash, Fatigue, Fever with chills, Gastrointestinal bleed, Reddening of skin, Gingivitis, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Hypotension, Headache, Seizures, Encephalopathy
Common Causes of Methotrexate Toxicity
Accidental overdose of methotrexate tablets by the patient or physician, Increased patient susceptibility during the treatment , Intentional self-administration
Risk Factors of Methotrexate Toxicity
Underlying acute renal failure or hypoalbuminemia, Alcohol intake, Use of other medications that may interact with methotrexate such as trimethoprim and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and salicylates
Investigation Techniques for Methotrexate Toxicity
Full blood count, Urine analysis, Urine FEME, Kidney function test, Liver function test, Serial methotrexate concentrations, urine output
Treatment and Prevention of Methotrexate Toxicity
Gastric lavage with activated charcoal, Antidote (Folinic acid) administration, Adequate hydration and urinary alkalinization, Hemodialysis
Available Methotrexate Toxicity Medicines
No medicines currently available for this condition.
