Periodontitis

Overview

Periodontitis is a condition where the gums are infected causing soft tissue damages as well as the bones that supports the teeth. It can eventually cause teeth to loosen and ultimately leads to tooth loss.

Signs and Symptoms

Swollen or puffy gums, Dusky red or purplish gums, Gums that feel tender when touched, Gums that bleed easily, Gums that pull away from your teeth (recede) making your teeth look longer than normal, New spaces developing between your teeth, Pus between your teeth and gums, Bad breath, Loose teeth, Painful chewing, A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.

Common Causes

Dental plaque

Risk Factors

Gingivitis, Poor oral health habits, Smoking or chewing tobacco, Older age, Hormonal changes such as those related to pregnancy or menopause, Substance abuse, Obesity, Inadequate nutrition including vitamin C deficiency, Genetics, Certain medications that cause dry mouth or gum changes, Conditions that cause decreased immunity such as diabetes, Rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease

Investigation Techniques

Review your medical history, Physical examination, Dental X-rays

Treatment and Prevention

Scaling, Root planing, Antibiotics, Flap surgery (pocket reduction surgery), Soft tissue grafts, Bone grafting, Guided tissue regeneration, Tissue-stimulating proteins