Metronidazole

Information About Metronidazole

Uses of Metronidazole

Metronidazole is commonly used as prophylaxis of postoperative anaerobic bacterial infections and in the treatment of bacterial infections, bacterial skin infections, diarrhea, eradication of h. pylori associated with peptic ulcer disease, leg ulcers and pressure sores, and parasitic infections

How Metronidazole Works

Metronidazole is an Antibiotic which interacts with DNA causing disruption of the helical DNA structure. Its mechanism of action will lead to inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death. It is very effective against most of the anaerobic protozoa, some species of gram-positive, negatives and facultative anaerobes.

Side Effects of Metronidazole

Allergic, Dizziness, headache, stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, constipation, or metallic taste in your mouth, Urine color change, Fungal or bacterial super infection, Unsteadiness, seizures, mental/mood changes (such as confusion), Trouble speaking, Numbness/tingling of limbs, Eye pain, sudden vision changes, Headache, Stiff neck.

Authorship

Written By

Dr Mohd Ramzdhan Bin Mohd Masdar

MD (Crimea State Medical University)

Reviewed By

Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli

MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Metronidazole Related Warnings

Alcohol Not Advisable

It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Metronidazole. Taking Metoclopramide with alcohol may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.

Pregnancy Maybe Safe

Metronidazole has been used extensively without ill consequences. Animal studies have not shown adverse effects on the fetus, however, there are limited human studies. The benefits from use in pregnant women may outweigh the risk. Please consult your doctor before using it.

Lactation Limited Data

It is found that Metronidazole is excreted in very little quantities in breast milk and not adequate to cause harmful effects. However, it is advisable to practice caution while taking Metronidazole during breastfeeding.

Driving Not advisable

Do not drive unless you are feeling well. Metronidazole may cause side effects such as dizziness, visual or neurological disturbances, all of which could affect the ability to concentrate and drive.

Kidney Use With Care

Metronidazole elimination rate is not affected by kidney disease but effect of accumulation of its metabolites in the body is largely unknown. Please inform your doctor beforehand if you have any underlying kidney disease before using it.

Liver Limited Data

Dose adjustment for Metronidazole is required in patients with hepatic impairment as its metabolism is mainly in the liver.