Addison's Disease

Overview

Addison's Disease is also known as primary adrenocortical insufficiency. It happens when there is either destruction or dysfunction of the adrenal cortex leading to glucocorticoid (cortisol) and mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) deficiency.

Signs and Symptoms

Pigmented skin, Weakness, Anorexia, Dizziness, Tiredness, Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Constipation, Nausea and vomiting, Postural hypotension,Tachycardia, Hypoglycemia, Vitiligo

Common Causes

Autoimmunity, Tuberculosis, Adrenal metastases, Lymphoma, Opportunistic infections such as HIV, Adrenal hemorrhage

Risk Factors

Cancer, Taking blood thinning medication, Having opportunistic infections, Surgical removal of adrenal gland, Autoimmune disease

Investigation Techniques

Full blood count, Serum electrolytes, Serum glucose, ACTH stimulation test

Treatment and Prevention

Hydrocortisone, Mineralocorticoids replacement

Psychological Issues

Depression, Psychosis