Endometrial Cancer

Overview

Endometrial cancer is cancer that arises from the endometrial tissue of the uterus. It is the 2nd most common gynaecological cancer after cervical cancer and occurs mostly in post-menopausal women. It can be divided based on the histopathological types.

Signs and Symptoms

Abnormal uterine bleeding, Vaginal discharge, Dyspareunia, Urinary difficulty, Pelvic pain

Risk Factors

Age, Post-menopausal women, Family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer or uterine cancer, Unopposed oral contraceptive pills, Late menopause, Nulliparity, Obesity, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia

Investigation Techniques

Vaginal examination and bimanual examination, Full blood count, Transvaginal ultrasound, Endometrial sampling, Dilatation and curettage, Cervical cytology smear, Hysteroscopy, Chest X-ray, CT scan of pelvis and abdomen, MRI of the uterus

Treatment and Prevention

Total radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Hormonal therapy