Potassium Deficiency

Overview

Potassium deficiency is a condition where the level of the potassium in the blood is lower than the normal range which can lead to several side effects affecting the normal function of nerve, muscle cells.

Signs and Symptoms

Weakness, Fatigue, Constipation, Muscle cramping, Palpitations, Paralysis, Respiratory failure, Breakdown of muscle tissue, Ileus (lazy bowels), Fibrillation/atrial or ventricular, Tachycardia (heartbeat too fast), Bradycardia (heartbeat too slow), Premature heartbeats

Common Causes

Alcohol use (excessive), Chronic kidney disease, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Diarrhea, Diuretics (water retention relievers, Excessive laxative use, Excessive sweating, Folic acid deficiency, Primary aldosteronism, Some antibiotic use, Vomiting

Risk Factors

Medications especially diuretics known to cause potassium loss , Prolonged illness that causes vomiting or diarrhea , Certain medical condition

Investigation Techniques

Arterial blood gas, Urine tests, Blood test, Blood urea and serum electrolytes

Treatment and Prevention

Oral potassium chloride, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, Potassium-sparing diuretics