Thrombophlebitis

Overview

Thrombophlebitis is defined as the inflammation of the veins caused by different aetiologies. Most commonly, it occurs in the legs and affects the superficial veins. If it affects the deep veins, it is known as deep vein thrombosis.

Signs and Symptoms

Pain in the leg, Swollen leg, Redness over the skin, Feeling of warmth in the affected area, Fever, Thickened vein,

Common Causes

Prolonged immobility such as in bedridden patients, IV placement, Infections,Trauma, Presence of blood clotting disorder, Presence of varicose veins

Risk Factors

Age more than 60 years, Obesity or overweight, Pregnancy, Smoking, Cancer, Use of birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, History of previous thrombophlebitis, Family history of blood clotting disorder, Varicose veins, Prolonged immobilization, Recent surgery especially orthopedic surgery, Stroke

Investigation Techniques

Physical examination, Venous Doppler (Ultrasound), CT scan, MRI scan, Venogram, Abdominal ultraound

Treatment and Prevention

Support stockings, Leg elevation, Sclerotherapy Injection, Anticoagulant therapy, Antibiotic therapy, Anti-inflammatory drugs, Vein stripping, Surgical ligation