Diphtheria

Overview

Diphtheria is an infection caused by bacteria, Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The bacteria spread from one person to another via respiratory droplets as a result of coughing and sneezing. It affects the mucous membranes of the nose and throat.

Signs and Symptoms

Fever, Sore throat, Swollen tonsils, Swollen lymph nodes, Difficulty and pain upon swallowing, Difficulty breathing, Fatigue

Common Causes

Infected by Corynebacterium diphtheria toxin

Risk Factors

Children who are not vaccinated, Travelling to diphtheria endemic areas, People living in overcrowded areas

Investigation Techniques

Throat swab and culture, Skin swab and culture

Treatment and Prevention

Antitoxin within 48 hours, Antibiotics with benzylpenicillin or erythromycin, Airway support, Prevent with vaccination