Dandruff

Overview

Dandruff is a scalp condition where there is excessive flaking of the skin on the scalp. It is a common issue and approximately 50% of the population face this problem. Dandruff is not contagious and does not cause baldness.

Signs and Symptoms

White or oily-looking flakes of dead skin found on the clothes or stuck to your hair, Red and greasy patches on scalp, Itchy or scaly scalp, Scaly or crusty scalp in babies like a cradle cap

Common Causes

Seborrheic dermatitis (irritated and oily skin), Contact dermatitis, Dry skin, Hair is not washed regularly, Malassezia yeasts

Risk Factors

Oily hair and scalp, Usage of certain oily hair products such as hair gel, Not shampooing frequent enough, Extreme dry weather especially during the fall and winter season, Indoor heating, Hormonal factors, Fatigue, Neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and stroke, Weakened immune system such as people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Treatment and Prevention

Daily cleansing with gentle shampoo, Dandruff shampoos containing medications like salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, pyrithione zinc and coal tar, Cortisone scalp lotion, Manage stress level, Treat underlying medical conditions

Psychological Issues

Stress