Prostate Cancer: Essential Facts to Know

Prostate cancer in Malaysia is the third-most common cancer that is frequently found in people over the age of 50. The likelihood of developing the disease rises with age. While some men may not show any symptoms of prostate cancer, it can be a slow-growing or fast-spreading cancer that metastasises (spreads) to other areas of the body.

#1: Does Everyone Have Prostate Cancer?

No, not everyone does. But statistics from the American Cancer Society show that 1 in 8 men in the United States will be diagnosed with early or advanced prostate cancer at some point in their lifetime. While in Malaysia, 1 out of 117 men will develop prostate cancer according to PubMed - a number far too high to ignore.

#2: What Happens to Your Body?

The prostate gland, a part of the male reproductive system that’s located between the bladder and rectum, is one of the primary targets for prostate cancer cells. Depending on the early stages of prostate cancer, it can spread to other organs or become more aggressive.

If detected at an early stage, prostate cancers are generally more treatable. However, early prostate cancers do not usually show any signs or symptoms and are, therefore, difficult to diagnose.

In the later stages of prostate cancer, patients may experience early symptoms such as

• Frequent urination

• Slow flow of urine

• Pain in the pelvic and lower back area

• Swollen legs

• Erectile dysfunction

• Blood in urine and/or semen

#3: Is Prostate Cancer Fatal?

Prostate cancer is not always fatal. If prostate cancer is caught and treated in its early stages, where the prostate tumor hasn't spread beyond the prostate gland, then the prognosis can be very positive with a high chance of survival.

It is important to remember that early detection provides a better outcome, which is why regular prostate examinations by a qualified doctor should be strongly encouraged for men over 50.

#4: Can Prostate Cancer be Inherited?

Prostate cancer can be inherited and genetics may increase the chances of developing it. Research from the National Cancer Institute suggests that men with a close family member (father, brother) who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer before the age of 65 are at a higher risk for developing prostate cancer themselves.

The most common method of cancer diagnosis is through a blood test called a Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test that measures the amount of PSA in the blood. However, some high PSA tests can result in other prostate problems besides prostate cancer.

In cases where genetics may play a factor, it is important to talk to your doctor about being tested for prostate cancer.

#5: Who Commonly Gets Prostate Cancer?

Besides genetics, risk factors for prostate cancer are primarily linked to age and lifestyle.

• Age: Prostate cancer risk increases with age, with most men over the age of 50 having a risk of developing the disease in their lifetime.

• Lifestyle: Men who eat an unhealthy diet, don’t get enough exercise, and/or smoke are more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer.

If you are concerned about your risk for developing prostate cancer it is important to speak to your doctor about the best options for screening and prevention.

#6: How Fast Does Prostate Cancer Grow?

The growth rate of prostate cancer varies depending on the type and stage. Some early-stage prostate cancers can grow slowly, while others may spread rapidly like stage IV prostate cancer. This advanced stage of cancer has often spread to other organs like the bones, liver, or lymph nodes and is more difficult to treat.

Some men may benefit from active surveillance, which involves regular monitoring by their doctor. Watchful waiting is also an option, where you keep an eye on your symptoms without undergoing many tests.

Remember, this approach doesn't mean ignoring your condition, but rather working with your doctor to determine the best treatment plan for you. Rest assured that if anything changes, your oncologist will be there to guide you through every step of the way.

#7: Can I Survive Prostate Cancer?

Yes! With the right treatment and support, prostate cancer is highly treatable. In fact, most people with prostate cancer have a 5-year survival rate of 98 percent.

Treatment options depend on the severity and stage of cancer. This includes:

• Surgery: This is a common treatment for prostate cancer and is divided into two types of surgery known as radical prostatectomy and robotic prostatectomy.

• Radiation therapy: This treatment uses beams with high energy to destroy cancer cells. This includes external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy.

• Hormone therapy: This treatment helps by lowering the levels of testosterone in the body and is given through injections, implants, or oral medications.

It is important to talk to your doctor about the best prostate cancer treatment for you. They will be able to recommend a personalised plan of action that can help you make informed decisions about managing your prostate cancer.  

Prostate cancer is a serious health concern, but you don't have to face it alone. DoctorOnCall is here to help. With clinics and hospitals nationwide, our team of experienced specialists is dedicated to providing you with the best possible care. Take control of your health today and schedule an appointment with DoctorOnCall.