Is IBD Putting You at Risk for Colorectal Cancer?

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Did you know that if you're dealing with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), your chances of facing colorectal cancer (CRC) are higher? It might sound concerning, but understanding this connection is vital for your health. 

In this article, we'll break down the link between IBD and CRC, share ways to lower your risk, and stress why catching any issues early is crucial.

IBD vs. Colon Cancer: What Sets Them Apart?

IBD is all about inflammation in your intestines that just won't quit. It brings along problems like unexplained weight loss, tummy pain, and runs to the bathroom that never seem to end. Two main types, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, make life quite a challenge¹.

Unlike IBD, which causes discomfort but doesn't damage the digestive tract, colon cancer is a more serious threat. Its signs include changes in bowel habits, bleeding from the rectum, and persistent fatigue².

IBD & Colon Cancer: Know The Ties

Recent research from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation has highlighted an important fact: if you're dealing with IBD, your chance of getting CRC goes up by around 7% compared to others³. 

There's also a notable connection between IBD and a liver problem called primary sclerosing cholangitis that may increase colon cancer risk⁴.

Distinct research from Sweden has unveiled that those with a history of Crohn's disease and colon cancer exhibit a greater mortality rate compared to other colon cancer patients⁵. The underlying mechanism that drives IBD's association with CRC remains somewhat elusive. 

Nonetheless, long-lasting inflammation caused by IBD weakens the linings of your colon and rectum, rendering them more susceptible to the proliferation of cancer cells. 

Furthermore, individuals with IBD are more likely to grow polyps in their colon, which can turn into cancer over time.

Reducing Colon Cancer risk with IBD

Working closely with a gastroenterologist to manage your IBD and control inflammation is crucial. Regular medical check-ups and taking prescribed medications are essential steps. Health screenings, particularly colonoscopies, play a critical role.

Detecting any issues early allows for the removal of precancerous polyps, and studies indicate that individuals with IBD who have had a recent colonoscopy have a lower chance of developing CRC⁶.

Lifestyle adjustments can also make a difference to collectively help decrease the risk of colon cancer for those with IBD, such as⁷: 

• Maintaining a healthy weight

• Staying physically active

• Adopting a diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and fruits

• Limiting red and processed meats

• Moderating alcohol intake

• Avoiding smoking 

A study by Dr. Samadder emphasises the importance of healthcare providers being aware of the heightened colorectal cancer risk for IBD patients, especially if there's a family history of the disease⁸. 

Patients with both IBD and other risk factors like a confirmed family history of colorectal cancer are eight times more likely to develop colon cancer. Hence, those with an increased risk of developing colon cancer should be enrolled in vigilant surveillance programmes and colon cancer screening.

Taking It All In

While the correlation between IBD and CRC magnifies the risk, it also illuminates pathways for proactive prevention.

Implementing measures to manage IBD symptoms, quitting smoking, maintaining an active lifestyle, and adopting a healthy weight collectively contribute to mitigating the risk.

Regular consultations with healthcare professionals regarding colon and rectal cancer risk and preventive actions are pivotal. Ultimately, the nexus between IBD and CRC underscores the paramount importance of early detection and proactive measures.

By taking preventive strides, you can substantially diminish your risk and pave the way for a healthier future.