Alcohol Withdrawal

Overview

Alcohol withdrawal is some physiological changes the body goes through when a person suddenly stops drinking after prolonged and heavy alcohol use. Alcohol has a slowing effect also called a sedating effect or depressant effect on the brain. If the alcohol is withdrawn suddenly, the brain will be overstimulated.

Signs and Symptoms

Tremors, Hallucinations, Alcohol withdrawal seizures, Delirium tremens, Mood swings, Nausea vomiting, Unable to concentrate, Palpitations, Loss of appetite, Headache, Insomnia, Agitation

Common Causes

Sudden withdrawal of alcohol causes brain hyperstimulation

Risk Factors

Alcohol abuse or addiction

Investigation Techniques

Physical examination, Full blood count, Urine analysis, Liver function test, Renal function test, Toxicology screening

Treatment and Prevention

To reduce the withdrawal symptoms, benzodiazepine can be given, Inpatient rehab: closely watched and treat the symptoms in hospital. Recommended for patients who have moderate to severe symptoms. Treatment include monitoring vitals, IV fluids and appropriate sedation, Outpatient treatment: for patients with mild to moderate symptoms, treated with sedatives and counselling for the patient and including care givers, Nutritional advice and supplementation, Advised to involve in support groups

Psychological Issues

Hallucination, Depression, Anxiety