Overview
Opioids are used in all health care departments widely and it is usually prescribed with other analgesics. This vast availability and usage can lead to abuse of the drugs and overdosing with or without one's knowledge which eventually lead to toxicity.Signs and Symptoms
Reduced respiratory rate Hypotension, Relative bradycardia, Confusion, Hallucination, Slurred speech, Sedation, Coma, Ataxia, Reduced muscle tone, Hypothermia, Miosis, Needle tracksCommon Causes
Overdose of opioids, Mixes 2 opioids, Taking opioids without a prescription, Taking opioid with other drugs which enhance the effectRisk Factors
Social issues, Lack of a support system, Inadequate treatment for chronic pain, Old age- memory impairment, Metabolic disorderInvestigation Techniques
Physical examination, Full blood count, Arterial blood gas, Serum electrolytes, Creatinine kinase level, Chest and abdominal X-rays, ECGTreatment and Prevention
The airway should be cleared and administer respiratory support and oxygen, Oxygen saturation monitoring, Prompt use of opioid antagonist such as naloxonePsychological Issues
Depression
