Allergic Skin Conditions

Overview

Allergic skin conditions occur when the skin reacts to certain allergens. Examples of allergens are animal dander, plant pollen, certain food, dust mites, insects, sunlight, cleaning products, latex, certain clothing material, certain types of metals and certain chemicals. Allergic skin condition comprises atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, urticaria, hives, and angioedema which appear in different patterns on the skin. When the allergens come in contact with the skin, it triggers an immune response. This leads to signs and symptoms such as redness of the skin, itchiness, burning sensation, rashes, dry and scaly skin. Some risk factors that may contribute to developing allergic skin conditions are a family history of allergy, asthma, occupational exposure to allergens and immune disorders. Allergic skin conditions can be diagnosed through a thorough history and examination of the skin. Other investigations include skin patch tests, IgE tests, and skin biopsy to identify the allergens if not known. Avoidance of allergens can prevent subsequent episodes, whereas corticosteroid cream and antihistamine medications can relieve the allergic reaction.