Chickenpox

Overview

Chickenpox is a contagious disease in which varicella zoster virus is the infective organism. This disease can be spread via direct contact and inhalation of air droplets containing the virus. It mainly affects children below age ten.

Signs and Symptoms

Tiny red bumps in the initial few days, Blisters that may be very itchy, Blisters crust over and turn into scabbed lesions after they break, Low-grade fever, Sore throat, Headache, Fatigue, Loss of appetite

Common Causes

Varicella zoster virus spread via direct contact with chickenpox rash and inhalation of air droplets containing the virus when patient sneezes and coughs

Risk Factors

Someone who has never had chickenpox before, Someone who has never received any chickenpox vaccine, Young babies born to mothers whom were never infected with chickenpox or received the vaccine, People working in schools or childcare centres, Having a weakened immune system as a result of certain medication consumption such as corticosteroids or having an underlying medical condition

Investigation Techniques

Medical history, Physical Examination

Treatment and Prevention

Usually requires no treatment, Bed rest, Paracetamol to treat fever, Antihistamine in order to relieve severe itching, Calamine or some lotion to relieve itching, Sodium bicarbonate added to bath, Antivirals or immunoglobulins if someone is at risk of developing complications, Can be prevented with vaccination